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The Book of Terms

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The Book of TermsThe WJI Book of Wire & Cable Terms: an interactive experience of learning and sharing
This book, written by industry volunteers and containing more than 5,000 entries, is an asset for newcomers to wire and cable.

At the same time, it also represents an opportunity for industry veterans to give back by either updating or adding to the more than 5,000 entries. This is an honor system process. Entries/updates must be non-commercial, and any deemed not to be so will be removed. Share your expertise as part of this legacy project to help those who will follow. Purchase a printed copy here.

   

 

0-9   A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Electroplate

Application of a metallic coating on a surface by means of an electrolytic action.

Electroplating

Coating one metal with a film of another by placing the article to be plated in a bath and connecting it to the negative pole of a source of low voltage direct current; the anode or positive electrode is generally made of the metal to be plated, although in some cases an inert anode is used, the coating being supplied by the electrolyte.

Electropneumatic

An electrically controlled device that uses an electrical signal to initiate an airflow or air pressure for some mechanical function.

Electropolishing

Enhancing the surface finish by preferential dissolution of metal at the anode. The current density, and hence solution rate, is greatest at sharp points.

Electrostatic

Pertaining to static electricity or produced by static electric charges.

Electrostatic Shield

A copper or laminated aluminum/mylar tape wrap around a signal or instrumentation circuit (pair or triad) to protect from the electric field radiated by a voltage source. The grounded shield intercepts static interference and carries it off to ground.

Electrostatics

The study of static electricity, i.e., the physics dealing with phenomena due to attractions or repulsions of electric charges which are not dependent on the motion of those charges.

Electrothermics

Direct transformations of electric and heat energy.

Electrowinning

The process to remove copper oxide from a sulfuric acid solution as a recovery operation. This technique is part of the process to electroplate copper on cathode for copper recovery.

Element Winding Data

See Winding Helical Coils.

ELFEXT

Designation for Equal Level Far-End Crosstalk, FEXT, compensated for the length of the cable by subtracting the attenuation of the pair.

Elongation

The amount that a conductor can stretch before breaking when a pulling force is applied in tensile testing. The increase in the gauge length, measured after fracture of the specimen within the gauge length is usually expressed as a percentage of the original gauge length. Except in the case of extremely brittle wire, elongation is limited by the onset of necking. Cold drawing generally leads to a significant reduction in elongation. See Percent Elongation.

Elongation at Break

The tensile strain in a test piece stretched to the breaking point. See Elongation.

Elongation Test

Destructive test used to characterize and quantify the ductility of a wire by measuring the amount of stretch after failure in tension. Typically a sample is straightened and a gauge length is measured and marked on the piece. Following failure in tension, the ends are placed together and the gauge length is again measured. The permanent elongation is stated as the percentage increase from original and to stretched lengths.

Elongation, Uniform

The amount that a test specimen can stretch before necking (maximum load, or Ultimate Tensile Strength) when a pulling force is applied in tensile testing.

EMA

Designation for Electrical Moisture Absorption. A water tank test during which the sample cables are subjected to voltage while the water is maintained at rated temperature. The immersion time is long, with the object being to accelerate failure due to moisture in the insulation. It simulates direct-buried or submerged cable.

Embossed Legend

See Legend, Embossed.

Embossing

A marker identification by means of thermal indentation leaving raised lettering on the sheath material of cable.

Embrittlement

Reduction in ductility or toughness or both due to a chemical or physical change.

Emergency Overload

Loads that occur when larger than normal currents are carried through a cable or wire over a short period of time.
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